The Progressive Era: A Darker Side
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Announcements:
(1) Two Handouts: Gary Alt’s Pennsylvania deer mgt. program
B. Warren discussion of Bannock Indians hunting elk in Jackson Hole, Wyoming in 1895.
Frederick Jackson and Garrett Hardin’s “tragedy of the commons” model
1896 Supreme Court decision
C. Warren's critique of Hardin, who observes, “Freedom in a commons brings ruin to all.”
Warren writes,
“Like other secular prophecies, Hardin’s vision was founded on historical interpretation. ‘As the human population has increased,’ [Hardin] argued, ‘the commons has had to be abandoned in one aspect after another.’ Human history accordingly becomes the story of a global commons increasingly hedged as more people settle on it . . . etc.”
See also David
Feeny, Susan Hannah, and Arthur F. McEvoy, "Questioning the Assumptions
of the 'Tragedy of the Commons' Model of Fisheries," Land Economics
(May 1996), 72(2): 187-205.
D. Evidence of the influence of Hardin includes Dayton Duncan, Miles from Nowhere (1994)
[SLIDE] also cf. Gary Harding quote relying on Hardin:
“Before the agricultural revolution, a commons tragedy was rare. It usually involved declining resources due to natural events, such as ice-ages. The tragedy of the commons has become more and more frequent since the agricultural revolution and its concomitant population growth. Its frequency has accelerated with the industrial revolution and the resultant population explosion. Now, the commons includes the whole Earth.”
Don't forget to check out the following links to Garrett Hardin related articles and information:
"Tragedy
of the Commons" related:
Garrett Hardin, "Tragedy of the
Commons" (1968) fulltext online
Louis Andrews:"Stalking
the Wild Taboo - Stalkers: Hardin: The Tragedy of the Commons"
Luke Wallin: "American
Metaphors of Being-in-Nature"
Tobias Haller lecture notes:"Tragedy
of the Commons: Common Property Resource Management"
David Bollier: “Commons
Sense: Community Ownership and the Displacement of Corporate Control”
David Bollier: “Reclaiming
the American Commons”
David Bollier, Public
Assets, Private Profits: Reclaiming the American Commons in an Age of Market
Enclosure (book, large file)
De Young, R. (1999) “Tragedy
of the commons.”
Elinor Ostrom: HOW
INEXORABLE IS THE "TRAGEDY OF THE COMMONS”? INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
FOR CHANGING THE STRUCTURE OF SOCIAL DILEMMAS
Michael Alvard and David Nolin: “Rousseau’s
Whale Hunt? Coordination among Big-Game Hunters”
Low, B., Ridley, M. (1993) "Can
Selfishness Save the Environment?" Atlantic Monthly 272(3):76-86.