The Progressive Era: A Darker Side
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Announcements:
(1) One handout today
Hardin, Garrett. "The Tragedy of the Commons." Science 162 (December 13, 1968): 1244-48.
Feeny, David, Susan Hanna, and Arthur F. McEvoy. "Questioning the Assumptions of the ‘Tragedy of the Commons’ Model of Fisheries." Land Economics 72, no. 2 (1996): 187-205.
McCay, Bonnie J., and James M. Acheson, eds. The Question of the Commons: The Culture and Ecology of Communal Resources. Tucson: Universtity of Arizona Press, 1987.
See also:
Cox, Susan Jane Buck. "No Tragedy of the Commons." Environmental Ethics 7, no. 1 (1985): 49-61.
McEvoy, Arthur F. The Fisherman's Problem: Ecology and Law in the California Fisheries, 1850-1980, Studies in Environment and History. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1986.
McEvoy, Arthur F.. "Toward an Interactive Theory of Nature and Culture: Ecology, Production, and Cognition in the California Fishing Industry." In The Ends of the Earth: Perspectives on Modern Environmental History, edited by Donald Worster, 211-29. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
Roberts, R., and J. Emel. "Groundwater Management in the Southern High Plains: Questioning the Tragedy of the Commons." Economic Geography 68, no. 3 (1992): 249-71.
John Phillips tracking and killing a deer: “I fear I have killed the last deer in Pennsylvania” in 1889, p. 48
“farmers were demanding a limited return to the local commons” p. 49
the creation of a market in hunting licenses p. 50
hemlock p. 52
Pennsylvania Game Commission p. 52
buck-only law p. 53
successional habitat p. 54
creation of resident license and fees: constituency tax or bill of sale in a new market p. 57
license revenues p. 59
reports of problem deer p. 62
“Deer-Proof Fence Law”
Be sure to take a look at the summary paragraph on p. 69 where Warren discusses the idea of a “conflict in markets”:
“At issue in the battle between sportsmen and farmers were not the merits of wilderness or the benefits of civilization. This was a competition between markets in produce and markets in recreational hunting, between cultural ideas of wildlife that held that deer were a threat to the livelihood on the one hand and a fragile symbol of nature on the other, and between the power of local people to define their own interactions with the land and the power of the state to restrict those interactions. All these conflicts surfaced repeatedly in the dispute over how people should live amid the state commons, the ever-changing and unpredictable deer herds” (69).
Dr. Gary Alt [handouts]
Quality Deer Management
Conclusions